A Dan ceremonial ladle, Ivory Coast, collected in the region of Biankouma, it offers a striking abstraction of the animal form, where the handle portrays the head and neck of an animal, perhaps an antilop, whereas the spoon symbolically represents the body. The artist has skillfully combined anatomical precision with stylization, drawing attention to the details of the face; signs of use, glossy by use. Provenance: Belo Mohamed Garba. "These spoons are connected with one of the most remarkable institutions of the Dan-Ngere peoples, the wunkirle or strangers visiting the quarter (and must therefore, with her husband, be a very good farmer). Wunkirle from all quarters of the town complete in generosity at an annual festival. They are carried about in hammocks, distributing gifts, and at the end of the day the most generous of all is chosen by the populace. The spoon is used in ceremonial distribution of rice by the wunkirle and as a dance staff. When a wunkirle is dying, she chooses a successor from among the married women of the clan." William Fagg, African Tribal Images, Cleveland, 1968, fig. 68. “Artists in Dan communities of Liberia and Côte d’Ivoire have mastered the art of carving impressive wooden ladles that are virtuoso works of sculpture. These ceremonial ladles, known as wunkirmian or wakemia (which translates as "spoon associated with feasts") are badges of prestige acknowledging an individual woman for her incomparable generosity. Oversized (they can measure up to two feet), they are not so much utilitarian objects as symbols of status and the bearer of spiritual powers. Quality of craftsmanship and complexity of design are constitutive of the work’s importance […] To create such esteemed objects, Dan sculptors often rely on anthropomorphic forms and draw upon elements of style developed in other carvings such as masks and figures. […] Other variations include representations of a human hand, animal heads such as goats or cow, small bowls, and a variety of abstract designs. […] Emblematic of honor and status, wunkirmian are the possession of the wunkirle or wakede, "at feasts acting woman." A title of great distinction, it is given to the most hospitable woman of a village quarter […] the wunkirle must be of a generous disposition, gladly offering her hospitality to anyone at any time, organizing and providing for important meals, and feeding travelers. […] In addition to being emblems of honor, wunkirmian also hold spiritual power (Himmelheber and Tabmen 1965, 177). They are a Dan woman's chief liaison with the power of the spirit world and a symbol of that connection.” In 1926, Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966) drew inspiration from the Dan people's interpretation of the relationship between a woman's womb and a spoon's bowl. His sculpture, Spoon Woman (Femme Cuillère), reflects the admiration that many artists of his generation had for the bold reinterpretations of the human body expressed by artists from West and Central Africa. Source Yaëlle Biro, The MET, 2016.