薩珊王朝 Black serpentine 以个人徽章封印，尼散

ITEM: 以个人徽记封印，Nisan
MATERIAL: 黑色蛇纹石
CULTURE: 萨珊王朝
PERIOD: 公元5世纪
DIMENSIONS: 9 毫米 × 16 毫米
CONDITION: 良好
PROVENANCE: 来自德国私人收藏，K.A.，收藏于1990年代之前

Comes with Certificate of Authenticity and Export license
附有真实性证书和出口许可证

If you bid outside the European Union and win the item, we will have to apply for an export licence for your country and shipping will take 3 to 5 weeks.
如果您在欧盟以外出价并中标，我们需要为贵国申请出口许可，运输时间为3至5周。

Sasanian seals represent a pinnacle of administrative and artistic achievement in the Near East between the 3rd and 7th centuries AD.
萨珊王朝的印章在公元3至7世纪的近东地区，代表了行政与艺术成就的巅峰。
While various stones were used, agate—specifically banded agate and carnelian—was highly prized for its durability and aesthetic appeal.
尽管使用了各种石材，玛瑙—尤其是带纹玛瑙和红玛瑙—因耐久性与美观而备受珍视。
Engravers utilized the natural layers of the stone to create depth, often carving through a dark layer into a lighter one to highlight the intricate details of the central motif.
雕刻师利用石材的天然层理创造深度，常穿透深色层进入浅色层，以突出中心图案的细致细节。
These seals were typically shaped as hemispherical (dome-shaped) stamps or ring bezels, featuring a perforated hole through the center so the owner could wear the seal as a pendant or on a cord.
这些印章通常呈半球形（圆顶状）印章或戒环饰圈，中间有穿孔，便于佩戴成吊坠或系在绳索上。

The imagery found on these agate seals provides a vivid window into the Sasanian social hierarchy and religious life.
这些玛瑙印章上的图像生动地揭示了萨珊王朝社会等级与宗教生活的景象。
Common motifs include portrait busts of officials, which often denote high rank through specific hairstyles and headgear, as well as a wide array of animals like lions, rams, and mythical creatures like the Senmurv.
常见图案包括官员半身像，往往通过发型和头饰来标示高官身份，以及狮子、公羊和神话生物如Senmurv等多种动物。
Many seals also feature Pahlavi inscriptions encircling the central image, typically recording the owner’s name, title, or a pious Zoroastrian aphorism.
许多印章在中心图像周围刻有帕勒维文铭文，通常记录持有者的姓名、头衔或虔诚的祆教格言。
These inscriptions served as a legal "signature," ensuring the authenticity of documents, storehouse doors, or traded goods across the Silk Road.
这些铭文作为法律“签名”，确保文书、库房门或丝绸之路贸易商品的真实性。

In the highly centralized Sasanian bureaucracy, a seal was more than a decorative object; it was a fundamental tool of identity and authority.
在高度集权的萨珊官僚体系中，印章不仅是装饰物；它是身份和权威的根本工具。
The use of semi-precious stones like agate suggested the status of the bearer, with the finest carvings belonging to the magi (priests) and state administrators.
使用玛瑙等半宝石暗示佩戴者的地位，最精美的雕刻多归属于祭司和国家行政官员。
When pressed into moist clay (bullae), these seals created a secure "lock" for tax records and private correspondence.
将其压入湿润的黏土（封印泥筒中，bullae），这些印章为税务记录和私人信件提供了安全的“锁定”。
Today, these small objects are invaluable to historians, as they represent one of the few surviving mediums that preserve the authentic visual language and personal names of the Sasanian Empire's diverse population.
如今，这些小物件对史学家极具价值，因为它们是为数不多的幸存媒介之一，保留了萨珊帝国多样人口的真实视觉语言和个人姓名。