Julien Gauthier

南部及中部非洲的面具與符號

这些头盔面具是由一整块木头雕刻成圆柱形；它们由一个脸部和发型组成，常以动物为顶饰。面具的发型被漆成黑色，顶部有一个带略微凸出的平台，其上雕刻着一只动物，可能是羚羊（角已缺失），黑色涂装，明亮色彩的多彩脸和兽皮尾。脸部被红色穗饰完全框住，穗饰向下延伸到鼻子，形成一种胡须般的样子；眼睛球形，轮廓有细小切口，瞳孔用蓝色描绘；鼻子大，鼻孔穿孔较宽，嘴巴无唇，露出牙齿；耳朵由两只 Katyeeti 鸟形成。
在南方，这些面具比北方更具个性化，因为它们陪伴的歌声和观众的反应。
据说，这些面具代表所有已故长者的集体形象，特别是母系血统的族长（Leemba）。
同时，它们含有强大的咒语，能够带来狩猎的成功，治疗某些疾病，并伤害怀有邪念或不尊重者。

来源：Berthe Hartert 收藏；Argiles 收藏，巴塞罗那

These helmet masks are carved from a single piece of wood in the shape of a cylinder; they consist of
a face and a hairstyle, often crowned with an animal. The mask has a hairstyle painted
black, topped by a platform with a slightly protruding rim, on which
an animal is carved, possibly a gazelle (the horns are missing), painted black, with a
light-coloured polychrome face and an animal skin tail.
The face is completely framed by a red fringe, with spikes down to the
nose forming a kind of beard; the eyes are globular, with fine cuts following the
contour and the pupils outlined in blue; the nose is large with wide
pierced nostrils and the mouth, without lips, shows the teeth; the ears are formed by two
Katyeeti birds.
In the south, the masks behave in a more individualised manner than in the north, due to their
accompanying songs and the responses of the audience. It is said that these masks represent
the collective image of all deceased elders, particularly the heads of the maternal lineage
(Leemba). At the same time, they contain a powerful spell that can promote successful
hunting, cure certain ailments, and harm those who harbour evil intentions or show
disrespect.

Provenance: Berthe Hartert collecion
Argiles Collection, Barcelona

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亨巴人 - Bayaka - 剛果民主共和國

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