Ancient Roman Carnelian Intaglio Seal Depicting Winged Goddess Victoria (Nike), 1st–3rd Century AD This exquisite ancient Roman carnelian intaglio seal, dating to the 1st–3rd century AD, features a finely engraved seated, winged female figure identified as Victoria (the Roman equivalent of the Greek Nike) — the divine personification of victory. The oval-shaped gemstone shows the goddess seated in a calm yet powerful pose, a wing clearly visible on her back, holding a spear or staff and a round shield, symbols of both protection and triumph. A beautiful piece in a very compact form, with dimensions of 8.5 mm (length), 7.1 mm (width), and 2.5 mm (depth), and weighing only 0.25 g, its appeal is heightened by the level of detail achieved on such a minute surface — a clear testament to the high skill of Roman gem engravers. Symbolism & Historical Significance Victoria / Nike Intaglio: Victoria was the Roman goddess of victory, often represented either floating or seated, holding military symbols or offering a wreath to victors. The seated posture can be interpreted as the divine embodiment of a secured or bestowed victory, suggesting peace achieved through triumph. Her wing symbolizes speed and divine presence, while the spear and shield refer to strength, protection, and military success. Intaglios engraved with Victoria were worn for both spiritual protection and as personal symbols of achievement and divine favour. Connection to Ancient Rome During the Roman Imperial period, carved gemstones like this served both aesthetic and practical functions. Often mounted in rings or pendants, they were used as personal signet seals for marking wax or clay impressions. Depictions of Victoria were especially common on coins, monuments, and personal objects during periods of military expansion, making her an ideal choice for an engraved amulet or signet. Condition In great condition, with minor wear consistent with age. The stone retains its natural translucency and the engraved lines remain distinctly visible. Provenance Previously part of a private European collection (formed in the 1980s). Documentation of provenance and a declaration of legal origin can be provided in PDF format upon request. Note: The photographs are highly magnified to display the carved details. In hand, the gem appears smaller, refined, and visually striking with beautiful orange stone color.