Julien Gauthier

南部及中部非洲的面具与符号

人们对这些面具下巴延伸部的含义有大量猜测。大多数西方人认为它代表胡须。这一假设常常让本德人吃惊，因为他们很少看到超过两英寸的胡须。该突出部的技术名为“gilanga”，但位于中部的本德雕刻师常开玩笑地把它称为“鼻口部”（mutumbi）。如果可能，本德人喜欢在埋葬死者前等上一两晚。妇女洗净遗体，摊开，覆以床单。过去，这床单是由芦苇布制成，后来改用白色棉布。过去，他们有时将床单拉至下巴处，剪一条布条来覆盖口部并将其封口。此时下巴暴露出来。尸体的再现解释了半睁的眼睛，以及它们模糊失焦的目光。身体的优雅抽象解释了该突出部的形状，在许多情况下末端向上弯曲，如同脚部。口部半开。出于美学原因，艺术家选择用覆盖布的末端来加强颚线，并将口部描绘成没有布料线条的样子。

出处：Berthe Hartert，巴塞罗那
Argiles 收藏，巴塞罗那

Much speculation has been devoted to the interpretation of the projection extending from the chin on these masks. Most Westerners have assumed that it represents a beard. This assumption always amazes the Pende, who rarely see beards longer than two inches. The technical name for the projection is “gilanga,” but Pende sculptors in the center jokingly call it “snout” (mutumbi). If possible, the Pende like to wait one or two nights before burying their dead. The women wash the body, lay it out, and cover it with a sheet. In the past, this sheet was made of raffia cloth, but later it was replaced by white cotton cloth. In the past, they sometimes pulled the sheet up to the chin and cut a strip of cloth to cover the mouth and keep it closed. In this case, the chin was exposed. The representation of a corpse explains the half-open eyes, with their unfocused gaze. The elegant abstraction of the body explains the shape of the projection, which in many cases curves upward at the end as the feet would. The mouth is half-open. For esthetic reasons, the artists have chosen to reinforce the jawline with the end of the covering sheet and depict the mouth without the line of fabric.

Provenance: Berthe Hartert, Barcelona
Argiles Collection, Barcelona


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Pende面具 - Pende - 刚果（金）

Late 20th century - 木 - 良好状态

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来自刚果民主共和国的Pende族面具，20世纪晚期，木制，高42厘米，状态良好，真迹/官方真品，来源 Berthe Hartert，巴塞罗那。

Pende面具 - Pende - 刚果（金）

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来自刚果民主共和国的Pende族面具，20世纪晚期，木制，高42厘米，状态良好，真迹/官方真品，来源 Berthe Hartert，巴塞罗那。

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