Shield Origin: Toposa people, South Sudan Material: Leather, wood Dimensions: Height 87 cm (91 cm with stand) Provenance: Ex Collection Manfred Zirngibl, Passau, Allemagne Presumed age: Early 20th century An imposing and authentic Toposa shield, remarkable for its size, patina, and powerful presence. The Toposa, a pastoralist people living mainly in South Sudan (also present in Ethiopia and Uganda), are historically known for cattle herding and for their involvement in the ivory trade. Their society has long been marked by low-intensity warfare, particularly cattle raids against neighboring groups. This shield is distinctive to the Toposa. It is crafted from hard, thick leather — probably calf — and shaped into a convex rectangle with a robust central ridge. At the back, a wooden rod reinforces the structure, held in place by tightly braided leather bindings. At its midpoint, the rod curves outward to form a handle, with a leather handguard protecting the bearer’s grip. This large and spectacular specimen, of considerable antiquity, has developed a magnificent patina. Mounted on a custom-made steel stand, it exemplifies both functional efficiency and symbolic strength — a true museum-quality piece. Height with stand 42 cm.