Forged by a skilled blacksmith, the staffs were usually made from several pieces and filled with an active energy ‘nyama’. They were mostly figurative and were referred to as ‘iron women’ and were carried by those with high rank during initiation, and funerals. They were also commissioned by members of either the Jo or Gwan initiation associations, to be placed in the ground around altars in the sacred groves or in shrine houses. Staffs often received offerings of millet, water, or beer, which were poured over them during ceremonies which lead to heavy rusting. Reminiscent of the sculptures of the renowned artist, Alberto Giacometti. Provenance: Galerie Majestic, Paris