Julien Gauthier

南部及中部非洲的面具與符號

对这些面具下巴部延伸的凸出部分的含义，已有大量猜测。

大多数西方人认为它代表胡须。这一假设总是让彭德人惊讶，他们很少见到超过两英寸的胡须。

这一凸出的技术名称是“gilanga”，但中部的彭德雕塑家开玩笑地称之为“鼻口”（mutumbi）。

如果可能的话，彭德人喜欢在埋葬死者前等一两夜。

女性清洗遗体，摊平并用床单覆盖。

过去这层床单用藤蔓纤维布制成，后来改为白色棉布。

过去他们有时把床单拉到下巴处，裁下一条布条遮住嘴巴以闭合。

这样下巴就露出。

尸体的表现解释了半睁的眼睛及模糊的目光。

身体的典雅抽象解释了这凸出部分的形状，在许多情况下其末端向上弯曲，如同脚的形状。

嘴巴半张。

出于美学考虑，艺术家选择用覆盖布的边缘强调下颚线，并描绘出没有布边线的嘴巴。

来源：Berthe Hartert，巴塞罗那
阿瓦里（Argiles）收藏，巴塞罗那

Much speculation has been devoted to the interpretation of the projection extending from the chin on these masks. Most Westerners have assumed that it represents a beard. This assumption always amazes the Pende, who rarely see beards longer than two inches. The technical name for the projection is “gilanga,” but Pende sculptors in the center jokingly call it “snout” (mutumbi). If possible, the Pende like to wait one or two nights before burying their dead. The women wash the body, lay it out, and cover it with a sheet. In the past, this sheet was made of raffia cloth, but later it was replaced by white cotton cloth. In the past, they sometimes pulled the sheet up to the chin and cut a strip of cloth to cover the mouth and keep it closed. In this case, the chin was exposed. The representation of a corpse explains the half-open eyes, with their unfocused gaze. The elegant abstraction of the body explains the shape of the projection, which in many cases curves upward at the end as the feet would. The mouth is half-open. For esthetic reasons, the artists have chosen to reinforce the jawline with the end of the covering sheet and depict the mouth without the line of fabric.

Provenance: Berthe Hartert, Barcelona
Argiles Collection, Barcelona


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Pende面具 - Pende - 剛果民主共和國

20世紀末 - 木 - 良好狀態

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來自剛果民主共和國Pende族的面具，20世紀後期，木材材質，高度42公分，狀態良好，原創/官方真品，來源 Berthe Hartert，巴塞羅那。

Pende面具 - Pende - 剛果民主共和國

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來自剛果民主共和國Pende族的面具，20世紀後期，木材材質，高度42公分，狀態良好，原創/官方真品，來源 Berthe Hartert，巴塞羅那。

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