Beautiful untreated emerald specimen Weight 101 grams Origin swat Pakistan Untreated, unheated * Color: Rich green to bluish-green. The deeper, more vivid green the color, the more valuable the emerald is. * Hardness: 7.5–8 on the Mohs hardness scale, making it suitable for jewelry, though it can still chip because of internal fractures. * Luster: Vitreous (glass-like) shine when polished. * Clarity: Most natural emeralds contain visible inclusions (called “jardin,” French for “garden”). These inclusions are considered a natural feature rather than a flaw. * Transparency: Transparent to translucent. * Crystal System: Hexagonal. * Chemical Composition: Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈) (beryl colored green mainly by chromium and/or vanadium). * Specific Gravity: Approximately 2.67–2.78. * Refractive Index: About 1.57–1.58. Quick identification Green to bluish-green color Usually contains natural inclusions (“jardin”) Glass-like luster Hardness of 7.5–8 Hexagonal crystal structure These characteristics help distinguish natural emeralds from many green gemstones, though laboratory testing is often needed to separate them from synthetic emeralds or look-alikes.