Burmese Kammavaca Manuscript 19th Century A striking complete manuscript of a sacred Burmese text. This lot consist of two wooden cover boards and 16 leaves lacquered in red with elaborate overall decoration in gilt, of which 14 leaves with lines of black/dark brown lacquer text in "magyi-zi" script written recto and verso. Two leaves with text on one side only. Unbound as issued between a pair of wooden cover boards, decorated with small pieces of glass in different colors on one side, and lacquered in red on the other side. Covers as well as the text leaves with a single hole for tying. The wooden outer boards measure 58 x 13,5 cm, the inner leaves measure 55,5 x 12,5 cm The Kammavaca is a Pali term describing verses from the Tipitaka that relate to rituals of monastic life and ordination. It is considered to be one of the most sacred of Burmese religious texts often commissioned by lay-people as works of merit when a son entered a Buddhist monastery. "Kammavaca are volumes of one, five, or nine extracts from the Theravadin Vinaya, each relating to specific ceremonies associated with monks. Noel F. Singer writes that the earliest kammavaca consisted of folios made of plain palm leaves, each of which had four lines of square-inked script on a gold or silver background" ("Kammavaca Texts"). "In the 17th century, folios began to be made of pieces of cloth coated with lacquer and painted with cinnabar, and the square letters were written in thick, black lacquer. Designs in gilt, which had been reserved for the ends of folios, end papers, and wooden coverboards, now began to appear between the lines of text. By the end of the 19th century, the lines of script on the folio increased to six or seven and sheets of brass or copper were introduced as folios" (Falconer). Literature John Falconer, and others, Myanmar Style Art, Architecture and Design of Burma, Hong Kong, 1998, p. 177; "Kammavaca Texts: Their Covers and Binding Ribbons," Arts of Asia, 23, May-June 1993