A Byzantine ceramic vessel featuring an elongated body with a tapering base. The vessel constricts at the neck and widens into a conical head with a short, cylindrical mouth. The shoulder is decorated with four evenly spaced, vertical projecting ribs while the conical head is stepped. Earthly encrustations to the surface and signs of wear as consistent with age, such as surface pitting, scratches and chipping to the body. The conical head and pointed base both present with large chips and there is a perforation on the neck of the vessel. Greek fire, also referred to as liquid fire, was the most famous weapon of Byzantine arsenal, saving the Byzantines for centuries from Arab attacks. Being used in both defence and attack situations, the weapon proved significant in the survival of the Byzantine Empire. The formula for the flammable mixture was closely guarded for centuries and irredeemably lost after the collapse of the Empire. Its precise composition thus remains unknown to this day, though research suggests the use of petroleum as a vital ingredient. Their average size and grip suggest the vessel being thrown by hand, in short-range conflicts, but this does not exclude the use of grenades in long-distance battles and at sea; as they were most likely hurled by catapults. Measurements (circa): L 15.3cm x W 7.4cm Provenance: Ex private UK collection, acquired 1990s.