A bronze sculpture - Benin - Nigeria

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Dimitri André
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Holds a postgraduate degree in African studies and 15 years experience in African art.

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A bronze sculpture from Nigeria, attributed to the Benin culture, depicting a standing female figure with raised arms, 68 cm high and weighing 12 kg, in fair condition and authentic/original.

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Description from the seller

This Benin bronze sculpture depicts a standing female figure with both arms raised vertically above the body, the open hands turned upward in a gesture that suggests invocation, praise, or ritual address. The figure stands on a square base decorated with a relief motif of bow and arrow. Her long, flattened feet, short legs, and cylindrical torso contribute to the highly stylized verticality of the composition. The elongated proportions and simplified geometry emphasize the upward movement of the arms, which visually frame the head and reinforce the sculpture’s ritual character.

The body is adorned with several forms of ornament: ankle bracelets, a necklace around the waist, and a braided baldric-like necklace crossing between the breasts. These elements, together with the indicated facial and bodily scarification, correspond to well-known iconographic features of classical Benin court art. The head is large and rounded in proportion to the body and characterized by a serene expression with closed mouth, pointed nose, and prominent eyes. The coiffure is rendered schematically through short incised lines and dotted patterns.

Despite these references to canonical Benin imagery, the stylistic treatment deviates markedly from the most refined works of the Benin royal workshops. The bulbous eyes, tubular legs, and unusual modelling of the hair, as well as the square, flattened feet, recall a broad and heterogeneous group of southern Nigerian bronze castings that have often been grouped—somewhat artificially—under the designation “Lower Niger Bronze Industry.” These objects share certain formal characteristics with Benin court art but cannot always be attributed with certainty to the royal foundries of Benin City.

The identity of the figure remains uncertain. Some interpretations have proposed that the sculpture might represent the goddess Irhevbu or possibly Princess Edeleyo, the eldest daughter of Oba Ewuare and sister of Prince Oduwa. However, such identifications remain speculative in the absence of clear iconographic attributes or inscriptions.

More generally, the sculpture reflects the diffusion of Benin-derived artistic forms throughout regions once connected to the Benin Empire. Workshops in neighboring or subordinate polities—such as Owo or Ijebu—adopted and adapted Benin casting techniques and motifs, producing works that echo the prestige and symbolism of the Benin court while developing distinctive regional styles. In this context, the present figure may be understood as part of a wider artistic network in which the authority and imagery of Benin were reinterpreted in local idioms.

TL Analysis, Kotalla, 390 years +/- 16,6 %

CAB38712

Seller's Story

Wolfgang Jaenicke’s engagement with African art did not begin in the field or the marketplace but in a quieter, more inward space—among papers, books, and objects that belonged to his father. The archive on Germany’s former colonies was not arranged to tell a single story; it suggested many. It invited scrutiny rather than reverence, and it taught Jaenicke early on that objects are never mute. They carry time inside them—fracture and continuity held in the same form—and they ask to be read as carefully as texts. For more than a quarter century, Jaenicke has worked as a collector, dealer, and intermediary, though none of these terms quite captures the shape of his practice. What used to be grouped, too casually, under the heading of “Tribal Art” has never appeared to him as a sealed or historical category. It is, instead, a set of living traditions, constantly negotiating the present. His academic training—in ethnology, art history, and comparative law—provided a grammar. The language itself he learned elsewhere. In Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Togo, and Ghana, knowledge emerged slowly, through repeated encounters that hardened into relationships, and through trust built not all at once but over years. Mali became the gravitational center of this experience. Between 2002 and 2012, Jaenicke lived and worked in Bamako and Ségou, where he ran Tribalartforum, a gallery overlooking the Niger River. The space resisted easy chronology. Sculptures and ceramics shared the room with photography, and works by Malick Sidibé—images of Malian youth in the 1970s, self-assured and exuberant—hung alongside older ritual forms. The effect was not nostalgic but clarifying: past and present did not cancel each other out; they sharpened one another. The war of 2012 ended this chapter abruptly, as wars tend to do. But it did not dissolve the work. Together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke regrouped in Lomé, closer to the places where many of the objects originated and to the routes they continue to travel. Since 2018, Berlin has become another point on this map. Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke now operates opposite Charlottenburg Palace, supported by a small team of specialists. Its focus rests, in particular, on West African bronzes and terracottas—materials shaped by earth and fire, and by forms of memory that resist easy translation. What distinguishes Jaenicke’s practice is not only its geographical range but its internal tension. Fieldwork is paired with provenance research; commerce is treated as inseparable from responsibility. In collaboration with museums and scholarly initiatives, circulation is framed not as extraction but as an ethical process that remains unfinished. The aim is not to remove objects from the world and seal them off, but to keep them readable within it—to allow them to continue speaking, even as the conditions of their speech change.

This Benin bronze sculpture depicts a standing female figure with both arms raised vertically above the body, the open hands turned upward in a gesture that suggests invocation, praise, or ritual address. The figure stands on a square base decorated with a relief motif of bow and arrow. Her long, flattened feet, short legs, and cylindrical torso contribute to the highly stylized verticality of the composition. The elongated proportions and simplified geometry emphasize the upward movement of the arms, which visually frame the head and reinforce the sculpture’s ritual character.

The body is adorned with several forms of ornament: ankle bracelets, a necklace around the waist, and a braided baldric-like necklace crossing between the breasts. These elements, together with the indicated facial and bodily scarification, correspond to well-known iconographic features of classical Benin court art. The head is large and rounded in proportion to the body and characterized by a serene expression with closed mouth, pointed nose, and prominent eyes. The coiffure is rendered schematically through short incised lines and dotted patterns.

Despite these references to canonical Benin imagery, the stylistic treatment deviates markedly from the most refined works of the Benin royal workshops. The bulbous eyes, tubular legs, and unusual modelling of the hair, as well as the square, flattened feet, recall a broad and heterogeneous group of southern Nigerian bronze castings that have often been grouped—somewhat artificially—under the designation “Lower Niger Bronze Industry.” These objects share certain formal characteristics with Benin court art but cannot always be attributed with certainty to the royal foundries of Benin City.

The identity of the figure remains uncertain. Some interpretations have proposed that the sculpture might represent the goddess Irhevbu or possibly Princess Edeleyo, the eldest daughter of Oba Ewuare and sister of Prince Oduwa. However, such identifications remain speculative in the absence of clear iconographic attributes or inscriptions.

More generally, the sculpture reflects the diffusion of Benin-derived artistic forms throughout regions once connected to the Benin Empire. Workshops in neighboring or subordinate polities—such as Owo or Ijebu—adopted and adapted Benin casting techniques and motifs, producing works that echo the prestige and symbolism of the Benin court while developing distinctive regional styles. In this context, the present figure may be understood as part of a wider artistic network in which the authority and imagery of Benin were reinterpreted in local idioms.

TL Analysis, Kotalla, 390 years +/- 16,6 %

CAB38712

Seller's Story

Wolfgang Jaenicke’s engagement with African art did not begin in the field or the marketplace but in a quieter, more inward space—among papers, books, and objects that belonged to his father. The archive on Germany’s former colonies was not arranged to tell a single story; it suggested many. It invited scrutiny rather than reverence, and it taught Jaenicke early on that objects are never mute. They carry time inside them—fracture and continuity held in the same form—and they ask to be read as carefully as texts. For more than a quarter century, Jaenicke has worked as a collector, dealer, and intermediary, though none of these terms quite captures the shape of his practice. What used to be grouped, too casually, under the heading of “Tribal Art” has never appeared to him as a sealed or historical category. It is, instead, a set of living traditions, constantly negotiating the present. His academic training—in ethnology, art history, and comparative law—provided a grammar. The language itself he learned elsewhere. In Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Togo, and Ghana, knowledge emerged slowly, through repeated encounters that hardened into relationships, and through trust built not all at once but over years. Mali became the gravitational center of this experience. Between 2002 and 2012, Jaenicke lived and worked in Bamako and Ségou, where he ran Tribalartforum, a gallery overlooking the Niger River. The space resisted easy chronology. Sculptures and ceramics shared the room with photography, and works by Malick Sidibé—images of Malian youth in the 1970s, self-assured and exuberant—hung alongside older ritual forms. The effect was not nostalgic but clarifying: past and present did not cancel each other out; they sharpened one another. The war of 2012 ended this chapter abruptly, as wars tend to do. But it did not dissolve the work. Together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke regrouped in Lomé, closer to the places where many of the objects originated and to the routes they continue to travel. Since 2018, Berlin has become another point on this map. Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke now operates opposite Charlottenburg Palace, supported by a small team of specialists. Its focus rests, in particular, on West African bronzes and terracottas—materials shaped by earth and fire, and by forms of memory that resist easy translation. What distinguishes Jaenicke’s practice is not only its geographical range but its internal tension. Fieldwork is paired with provenance research; commerce is treated as inseparable from responsibility. In collaboration with museums and scholarly initiatives, circulation is framed not as extraction but as an ethical process that remains unfinished. The aim is not to remove objects from the world and seal them off, but to keep them readable within it—to allow them to continue speaking, even as the conditions of their speech change.

Details

Ethnic group/ culture
Benin
Country of Origin
Nigeria
Material
Bronze
Sold with stand
No
Condition
Fair condition
Title of artwork
A bronze sculpture
Height
68 cm
Weight
12 kg
Authenticity
Original/official
GermanyVerified
6022
Objects sold
99.69%
protop

Rechtliche Informationen des Verkäufers

Unternehmen:
Jaenicke Njoya GmbH
Repräsentant:
Wolfgang Jaenicke
Adresse:
Jaenicke Njoya GmbH
Klausenerplatz 7
14059 Berlin
GERMANY
Telefonnummer:
+493033951033
Email:
w.jaenicke@jaenicke-njoya.com
USt-IdNr.:
DE241193499

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