Old African Ngbaka mask from Ubangi, Northern Congo. Size: 27 cm high. This Ngbaka mask is dated mid/second part of the 20th century and comes with a certificate of authenticity. Ngbaka masks from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are traditional works of art made by the Ngbaka people, an ethnic group that lives mainly in the southwestern region of the DRC. These masks are important artistic expressions of Ngbaka culture and spirituality. Ngbaka masks are characterized by their figurative aesthetic and distinctive artistic style. They are generally designed to be worn on the face during ceremonies and rituals. These masks depict stylized human figures with expressive facial features, such as eyes, noses and mouths. They are carved from wood and richly decorated, often with local materials, such as shells, textiles, plant fibers and paint. These masks have important ritual and cultural functions within Ngbaka society. They are used in dance ceremonies, religious rituals, rites of passage and other cultural events. Dancers wearing these masks perform specific dances, imitating the movements and behavior of the characters depicted. Masks are also associated with spiritual beliefs and are used to communicate with ancestors and spirits. In addition to their ritual role, Ngbaka masks are also admired as works of art in their own right. Their distinctive aesthetic, artistic creativity and connection to Ngbaka culture make them attractive objects for African art collectors and art lovers worldwide. They are exhibited in museums and art galleries to highlight the richness of Ngbaka culture and the diversity of traditional African art. This figure comes from the culturally dynamic northwestern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo along the river systems feeding the great Congo River, especially from the Ngbaka or Ngbandi. The Ngbaka moved into the area inhabited by the Ngbandi in an area bounded by the Ubangi and Lualaba River systems and as a result both groups share sculpture forms and the details of scarification that often leads to some confusion as to the attribution of their sculpture. Ngbaka use anthropomorphic figures, generally in pairs, to represent mythological and distant family founders known as Seto a male and Nabo his wife that are kept on family shrines. Ngbaka figures take their red color from being washed in palm oil and red tukula powder made from tree bark. The facial features are divided by a vertical line of scarification that in other figures extends onto the lower body. The shaping of the details of the body are truly a study and sculptural inventiveness. Ngbaka sculptures are typically anthropomorphic figures, often depicted in pairs, and hold significance in representing mythological and ancestral figures known as Seto (male) and Nabo (female). These sculptures are kept on family shrines and are associated with the Ngbaka people's spiritual beliefs. Scarification is another significant aspect of Ngbaka sculpture. The facial features of the figures are divided by a vertical line of scarification, which in some cases extends onto the lower body. Scarification is a form of body modification that involves creating decorative or symbolic patterns on the skin through controlled scarring. The presence of scarification on Ngbaka figures contributes to their distinctive aesthetic and cultural identity. The Ngbaka people demonstrate remarkable skill and sculptural inventiveness in shaping the details of the body in their sculptures. The craftsmanship and attention to detail in Ngbaka art reflect the cultural significance and artistic traditions that have been passed down through generations. Overall, the Ngbaka sculptures serve as tangible representations of their cultural heritage, mythologies, and ancestral connections. They are not only visually captivating but also hold deep cultural and spiritual meanings within the Ngbaka community.