Unknown - Qur'an - Bihar India - 1425

A very clean illuminated bi-folio miniature from a Qur'an originating in the state of Bihar, India, circa 1425.

The folio contains the concluding verses of chapter 99, v.7&8, Surah Al-Zalzalah (The ultimate Quake) at the top, follwed by the complete chapter 100, Al-Adiyat (Galloping Horses) and the Surah of chapter 101 at the bottom.

Surah Al-Zalzalah concerns the Day of Judgement, affirming that every soul will witness the consequences of its deeds, however slight. Chapter 100, 'Galloping Horses', consists of 11 short verses and serves as a powerful wake-up call about the dangers of human ingratitude, greed, and the certainty of divine judgment. The central purpose of Surah Al-Adiyat is to persuade people of how the denial of an afterlife (the Hereafter) leads to moral degeneration and greed. It reminds believers that all worldly attachments are temporary, and ultimate accountability to Allah is inevitable.

It is written in a Arabic naskh script, with black ink and red diactritical markings to guide the devotee through prayer. In this case there are 11 lines of fine script with gold 'aya' marking the verses and several 'Allah' in gold thuluth font. The folio has two decorative marginals marking the beginnings of these short chapters which come towards the end of the Qur'an.

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