A bronze sculpture - Plaque - Benin - Nigeria

07
days
06
hours
20
minutes
11
seconds
Current bid
€ 1,000
Reserve price not met
Julien Gauthier
Expert
Selected by Julien Gauthier

A decade of experience in historical arms, armour, and African art.

Estimate  € 5,100 - € 5,700
13 other people are watching this object
DE
€1,000
ES
€18

Catawiki Buyer Protection

Your payment’s safe with us until you receive your object.View details

Trustpilot 4.4 | 135350 reviews

Rated Excellent on Trustpilot.

Benin bronze plaque from Nigeria, titled “A bronze sculpture,” weighing 12 kg and measuring 50 cm high by 40 cm deep, in fair condition and linked to the Benin cultural group.

AI-assisted summary

Description from the seller

A rare Benin bronze plaque (ama), Nigeria, depicting two musicians accompanied by a third figure who appears to adjust or regulate the sound of one of the drums. The scene belongs to a comparatively uncommon category within the corpus of Benin court plaques. While the majority of surviving plaques portray court officials, warriors, attendants, ritual specialists, and foreign traders, representations of musical performance occur far less frequently. Among these, drums are particularly rare when compared to horns, bells, and rattles. As Roger Blench has noted, the musical imagery of the Benin plaques is dominated by aerophones and idiophones, whereas drums appear only occasionally. Without any laboratory tests, the attribution is provided for reference only, based on our knowledge in the field.

The closest known parallel is a plaque in the collection of the British Museum depicting two drummers accompanied by a third figure who supports or manipulates the central drum. This composition closely resembles the present example and suggests that such scenes recorded specific aspects of court ceremonial music rather than generic entertainment. Other depictions of musicians are known from collections in London, Berlin, Vienna, and New York, yet scenes focused on drummers remain distinctly uncommon.

Music occupied an important place within the royal court of Benin. Court musicians performed during state ceremonies, ancestral commemorations, royal processions, and annual festivals. Certain instruments were associated with particular guilds and ceremonial functions, and their performance formed part of the visual and auditory expression of royal authority. The presence of a third figure actively interacting with the drum may indicate the tuning, stabilization, or ritual preparation of the instrument during performance, emphasizing the specialized nature of the event represented.

From an art-historical perspective, the plaque may be assigned to the broader tradition of Benin court casting that flourished between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. If the modeling, relief structure, casting quality, and surface characteristics correspond to those of the classical court plaques, an origin during the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century would appear plausible. The mature patina, described as consisting of multiple naturally developed layers, is consistent with considerable age, although a precise dating would require examination of the reverse, casting details, corrosion morphology, and metallurgical composition.

On stylistic grounds alone, and subject to direct examination, a tentative dating between circa 1550 and 1700 appears reasonable, with a preference for the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century. Such an assessment would place the plaque within the period generally regarded as the zenith of Benin court art, when the royal foundries produced the celebrated narrative plaques that documented the ceremonial, political, and ritual life of the kingdom.

The significance of this plaque lies not only in its rarity but also in its documentation of courtly musical practice. By depicting interaction between musicians and an assistant responsible for the instrument itself, the relief provides a valuable visual record of a specialized aspect of Benin ceremonial culture that is seldom represented in surviving works.

Selected References

Blench, Roger. Reconstructing African Music History from the Benin Plaques. Cambridge
Dark, Philip J. C. An Introduction to Benin Art and Technology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Ezra, Kate. Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Plankensteiner, Barbara (ed.). Benin – Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria. Museum für Völkerkunde, Vienna.
Blackmun, Barbara Winston. The Benin Royal Arts of Africa. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Nevadomsky, Joseph. The Benin Kingdom and the Edo-speaking Peoples of Southwestern Nigeria. West African Studies.

This information is created by AI and based on published ethnographic, archaeological, and art-historical sources.

“The Benin plaques depict scenes of court life, including musical performance … horns, bells and stamped rattles seem to predominate, and drums are rare.” Roger Blech, Reconstrucing African musicv history.

One clear example: the plaque at the British Museum, registration Af1898,0115.128, shows two standing drummers with a kneeling attendant who supports one of the drums. The attendant is shown holding the drum (tensioned by pegs) which suggests an immediately analogous scene to what you describe: a third person adjusting or supporting the instrument (in this case the membrane/tension pegs) rather than playing it, see British Museum.


Another example: Af1961,18.1 (also British Museum) shows a seated drummer playing two slit‑drums, though there is no explicit third figure adjusting a drum (penultimate photo sequence).

Thus: yes, there are highly comparable motifs of multiple percussionists and attendants supporting the drums in the Benin plaque corpus, though perhaps your exact combination (two musicians + one who adjusts) seems rare but not unique.

One point worth noting: the attendant adjusting/holding the drum in Af1898,0115.128 (last photo sequence) is explicitly mentioned in the catalogue description: “‘…the two single‑skin drums … whose membranous head is tensioned by adjustable pegs, for which an attendant is always needed.’” British Museum.

Seller's Story

Wolfgang Jaenicke’s engagement with African art did not begin in the field or the marketplace but in a quieter, more inward space—among papers, books, and objects that belonged to his father. The archive on Germany’s former colonies was not arranged to tell a single story; it suggested many. It invited scrutiny rather than reverence, and it taught Jaenicke early on that objects are never mute. They carry time inside them—fracture and continuity held in the same form—and they ask to be read as carefully as texts. For more than a quarter century, Jaenicke has worked as a collector, dealer, and intermediary, though none of these terms quite captures the shape of his practice. What used to be grouped, too casually, under the heading of “Tribal Art” has never appeared to him as a sealed or historical category. It is, instead, a set of living traditions, constantly negotiating the present. His academic training—in ethnology, art history, and comparative law—provided a grammar. The language itself he learned elsewhere. In Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Togo, and Ghana, knowledge emerged slowly, through repeated encounters that hardened into relationships, and through trust built not all at once but over years. Mali became the gravitational center of this experience. Between 2002 and 2012, Jaenicke lived and worked in Bamako and Ségou, where he ran Tribalartforum, a gallery overlooking the Niger River. The space resisted easy chronology. Sculptures and ceramics shared the room with photography, and works by Malick Sidibé—images of Malian youth in the 1970s, self-assured and exuberant—hung alongside older ritual forms. The effect was not nostalgic but clarifying: past and present did not cancel each other out; they sharpened one another. The war of 2012 ended this chapter abruptly, as wars tend to do. But it did not dissolve the work. Together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke regrouped in Lomé, closer to the places where many of the objects originated and to the routes they continue to travel. Since 2018, Berlin has become another point on this map. Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke now operates opposite Charlottenburg Palace, supported by a small team of specialists. Its focus rests, in particular, on West African bronzes and terracottas—materials shaped by earth and fire, and by forms of memory that resist easy translation. What distinguishes Jaenicke’s practice is not only its geographical range but its internal tension. Fieldwork is paired with provenance research; commerce is treated as inseparable from responsibility. In collaboration with museums and scholarly initiatives, circulation is framed not as extraction but as an ethical process that remains unfinished. The aim is not to remove objects from the world and seal them off, but to keep them readable within it—to allow them to continue speaking, even as the conditions of their speech change. ------------ Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke is a Berlin-based gallery specializing in West African sculpture, bronzes, terracottas, masks, and contemporary African art. It is directed by Wolfgang Jaenicke, whose work combines collecting, dealing, provenance research, fieldwork, and archival documentation. According to the gallery’s own account, Jaenicke studied ethnology, art history, and comparative law and has worked in the field of African art for more than twenty-five years. His activities developed through long-term engagement in countries including Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo. Rather than presenting African art as a closed historical category, he describes it as a continuing cultural tradition shaped by living communities and changing historical contexts. A particularly important phase of his career was in Mali, where he lived and worked between roughly 2002 and 2012 in Bamako and Ségou. There he operated Tribalartforum, a gallery that combined historical African sculpture with contemporary African photography, including works by Malick Sidibé. The political and military crisis in Mali in 2012 led to the closure of this phase of activity. Later, together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke continued working from Lomé, Togo, before establishing a gallery presence in Berlin near Charlottenburg Palace. The gallery places particular emphasis on West African bronzes, terracottas, Benin and Ife-related works, Nok sculpture, Dogon art, Baule sculpture, Senufo objects, and Yoruba material. One distinctive aspect of Jaenicke’s public position is his repeated emphasis on provenance transparency and restitution debates. On several published object records, the gallery explicitly discusses issues surrounding export documentation, UNESCO conventions, ownership histories, and communication with scholars and restitution researchers. These statements reflect broader contemporary debates about the circulation of African cultural heritage, legality, collecting history, and museum acquisition practices. The gallery maintains extensive online archives and catalogues documenting hundreds of African objects, including Benin and Ife bronzes, Nok terracottas, Dogon sculptures, Baule figures, Fon objects, Moba figures, and other West African material. For researchers interested in the history of the African art trade, Jaenicke represents a later generation of dealers compared with figures such as John J. Klejman. Whereas Klejman belonged to the postwar New York market of the 1950s–1970s, Jaenicke’s work has been shaped by contemporary concerns with field documentation, provenance research, restitution discussions, digital archives, and direct engagement with West African networks and artists. This text is based on AI Information

A rare Benin bronze plaque (ama), Nigeria, depicting two musicians accompanied by a third figure who appears to adjust or regulate the sound of one of the drums. The scene belongs to a comparatively uncommon category within the corpus of Benin court plaques. While the majority of surviving plaques portray court officials, warriors, attendants, ritual specialists, and foreign traders, representations of musical performance occur far less frequently. Among these, drums are particularly rare when compared to horns, bells, and rattles. As Roger Blench has noted, the musical imagery of the Benin plaques is dominated by aerophones and idiophones, whereas drums appear only occasionally. Without any laboratory tests, the attribution is provided for reference only, based on our knowledge in the field.

The closest known parallel is a plaque in the collection of the British Museum depicting two drummers accompanied by a third figure who supports or manipulates the central drum. This composition closely resembles the present example and suggests that such scenes recorded specific aspects of court ceremonial music rather than generic entertainment. Other depictions of musicians are known from collections in London, Berlin, Vienna, and New York, yet scenes focused on drummers remain distinctly uncommon.

Music occupied an important place within the royal court of Benin. Court musicians performed during state ceremonies, ancestral commemorations, royal processions, and annual festivals. Certain instruments were associated with particular guilds and ceremonial functions, and their performance formed part of the visual and auditory expression of royal authority. The presence of a third figure actively interacting with the drum may indicate the tuning, stabilization, or ritual preparation of the instrument during performance, emphasizing the specialized nature of the event represented.

From an art-historical perspective, the plaque may be assigned to the broader tradition of Benin court casting that flourished between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. If the modeling, relief structure, casting quality, and surface characteristics correspond to those of the classical court plaques, an origin during the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century would appear plausible. The mature patina, described as consisting of multiple naturally developed layers, is consistent with considerable age, although a precise dating would require examination of the reverse, casting details, corrosion morphology, and metallurgical composition.

On stylistic grounds alone, and subject to direct examination, a tentative dating between circa 1550 and 1700 appears reasonable, with a preference for the late sixteenth or early seventeenth century. Such an assessment would place the plaque within the period generally regarded as the zenith of Benin court art, when the royal foundries produced the celebrated narrative plaques that documented the ceremonial, political, and ritual life of the kingdom.

The significance of this plaque lies not only in its rarity but also in its documentation of courtly musical practice. By depicting interaction between musicians and an assistant responsible for the instrument itself, the relief provides a valuable visual record of a specialized aspect of Benin ceremonial culture that is seldom represented in surviving works.

Selected References

Blench, Roger. Reconstructing African Music History from the Benin Plaques. Cambridge
Dark, Philip J. C. An Introduction to Benin Art and Technology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Ezra, Kate. Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Plankensteiner, Barbara (ed.). Benin – Kings and Rituals: Court Arts from Nigeria. Museum für Völkerkunde, Vienna.
Blackmun, Barbara Winston. The Benin Royal Arts of Africa. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Nevadomsky, Joseph. The Benin Kingdom and the Edo-speaking Peoples of Southwestern Nigeria. West African Studies.

This information is created by AI and based on published ethnographic, archaeological, and art-historical sources.

“The Benin plaques depict scenes of court life, including musical performance … horns, bells and stamped rattles seem to predominate, and drums are rare.” Roger Blech, Reconstrucing African musicv history.

One clear example: the plaque at the British Museum, registration Af1898,0115.128, shows two standing drummers with a kneeling attendant who supports one of the drums. The attendant is shown holding the drum (tensioned by pegs) which suggests an immediately analogous scene to what you describe: a third person adjusting or supporting the instrument (in this case the membrane/tension pegs) rather than playing it, see British Museum.


Another example: Af1961,18.1 (also British Museum) shows a seated drummer playing two slit‑drums, though there is no explicit third figure adjusting a drum (penultimate photo sequence).

Thus: yes, there are highly comparable motifs of multiple percussionists and attendants supporting the drums in the Benin plaque corpus, though perhaps your exact combination (two musicians + one who adjusts) seems rare but not unique.

One point worth noting: the attendant adjusting/holding the drum in Af1898,0115.128 (last photo sequence) is explicitly mentioned in the catalogue description: “‘…the two single‑skin drums … whose membranous head is tensioned by adjustable pegs, for which an attendant is always needed.’” British Museum.

Seller's Story

Wolfgang Jaenicke’s engagement with African art did not begin in the field or the marketplace but in a quieter, more inward space—among papers, books, and objects that belonged to his father. The archive on Germany’s former colonies was not arranged to tell a single story; it suggested many. It invited scrutiny rather than reverence, and it taught Jaenicke early on that objects are never mute. They carry time inside them—fracture and continuity held in the same form—and they ask to be read as carefully as texts. For more than a quarter century, Jaenicke has worked as a collector, dealer, and intermediary, though none of these terms quite captures the shape of his practice. What used to be grouped, too casually, under the heading of “Tribal Art” has never appeared to him as a sealed or historical category. It is, instead, a set of living traditions, constantly negotiating the present. His academic training—in ethnology, art history, and comparative law—provided a grammar. The language itself he learned elsewhere. In Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Togo, and Ghana, knowledge emerged slowly, through repeated encounters that hardened into relationships, and through trust built not all at once but over years. Mali became the gravitational center of this experience. Between 2002 and 2012, Jaenicke lived and worked in Bamako and Ségou, where he ran Tribalartforum, a gallery overlooking the Niger River. The space resisted easy chronology. Sculptures and ceramics shared the room with photography, and works by Malick Sidibé—images of Malian youth in the 1970s, self-assured and exuberant—hung alongside older ritual forms. The effect was not nostalgic but clarifying: past and present did not cancel each other out; they sharpened one another. The war of 2012 ended this chapter abruptly, as wars tend to do. But it did not dissolve the work. Together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke regrouped in Lomé, closer to the places where many of the objects originated and to the routes they continue to travel. Since 2018, Berlin has become another point on this map. Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke now operates opposite Charlottenburg Palace, supported by a small team of specialists. Its focus rests, in particular, on West African bronzes and terracottas—materials shaped by earth and fire, and by forms of memory that resist easy translation. What distinguishes Jaenicke’s practice is not only its geographical range but its internal tension. Fieldwork is paired with provenance research; commerce is treated as inseparable from responsibility. In collaboration with museums and scholarly initiatives, circulation is framed not as extraction but as an ethical process that remains unfinished. The aim is not to remove objects from the world and seal them off, but to keep them readable within it—to allow them to continue speaking, even as the conditions of their speech change. ------------ Galerie Wolfgang Jaenicke is a Berlin-based gallery specializing in West African sculpture, bronzes, terracottas, masks, and contemporary African art. It is directed by Wolfgang Jaenicke, whose work combines collecting, dealing, provenance research, fieldwork, and archival documentation. According to the gallery’s own account, Jaenicke studied ethnology, art history, and comparative law and has worked in the field of African art for more than twenty-five years. His activities developed through long-term engagement in countries including Mali, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Togo. Rather than presenting African art as a closed historical category, he describes it as a continuing cultural tradition shaped by living communities and changing historical contexts. A particularly important phase of his career was in Mali, where he lived and worked between roughly 2002 and 2012 in Bamako and Ségou. There he operated Tribalartforum, a gallery that combined historical African sculpture with contemporary African photography, including works by Malick Sidibé. The political and military crisis in Mali in 2012 led to the closure of this phase of activity. Later, together with Aguibou Kamaté, Jaenicke continued working from Lomé, Togo, before establishing a gallery presence in Berlin near Charlottenburg Palace. The gallery places particular emphasis on West African bronzes, terracottas, Benin and Ife-related works, Nok sculpture, Dogon art, Baule sculpture, Senufo objects, and Yoruba material. One distinctive aspect of Jaenicke’s public position is his repeated emphasis on provenance transparency and restitution debates. On several published object records, the gallery explicitly discusses issues surrounding export documentation, UNESCO conventions, ownership histories, and communication with scholars and restitution researchers. These statements reflect broader contemporary debates about the circulation of African cultural heritage, legality, collecting history, and museum acquisition practices. The gallery maintains extensive online archives and catalogues documenting hundreds of African objects, including Benin and Ife bronzes, Nok terracottas, Dogon sculptures, Baule figures, Fon objects, Moba figures, and other West African material. For researchers interested in the history of the African art trade, Jaenicke represents a later generation of dealers compared with figures such as John J. Klejman. Whereas Klejman belonged to the postwar New York market of the 1950s–1970s, Jaenicke’s work has been shaped by contemporary concerns with field documentation, provenance research, restitution discussions, digital archives, and direct engagement with West African networks and artists. This text is based on AI Information

Details

Indigenous object name
Plaque
Ethnic group/ culture
Benin
Country of Origin
Nigeria
Material
Bronze
Sold with stand
No
Condition
Fair condition
Title of artwork
A bronze sculpture
Height
50 cm
Depth
40 cm
Weight
12 kg
GermanyVerified
6342
Objects sold
99.51%
protop

Rechtliche Informationen des Verkäufers

Unternehmen:
Jaenicke Njoya GmbH
Repräsentant:
Wolfgang Jaenicke
Adresse:
Jaenicke Njoya GmbH
Klausenerplatz 7
14059 Berlin
GERMANY
Telefonnummer:
+493033951033
Email:
w.jaenicke@jaenicke-njoya.com
USt-IdNr.:
DE241193499

AGB

AGB des Verkäufers. Mit einem Gebot auf dieses Los akzeptieren Sie ebenfalls die AGB des Verkäufers.

Widerrufsbelehrung

  • Frist: 14 Tage sowie gemäß den hier angegebenen Bedingungen
  • Rücksendkosten: Käufer trägt die unmittelbaren Kosten der Rücksendung der Ware
  • Vollständige Widerrufsbelehrung

Similar objects

For you in

African & Tribal Art