Baoulé / Koulango / Abron / Attié? - Côte d'Ivoire






Holds a postgraduate degree in African studies and 15 years experience in African art.
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Description from the seller
Ivory Coast
Baoulé / Koulango / Abron / Attié?
Wood and beads
Height: 295 mm + base 10 mm
Width: 70 mm
Depth: 60 mm
Weight: 300 g
Female figure Koulango — Ivory Coast
Analysis of the different views shows a standing feminine sculpture characterized by a very slender silhouette, a heavily annulated neck, an oval head, a crest-like coiffure with fine striations, and a highly geometric construction of the body.
The Koulango attribution is consistent with several works preserved at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art. The Met notably preserves a Koulango female figure in wood, beads and pigment, while the Smithsonian documents several female figures attributed to the Koulango that share the same formal vocabulary.
Geographical origin
Ivory Coast — Bondoukou region
The Bondoukou region constitutes one of the main stylistic centers associated with Koulango sculpture. Smithsonian collections identify several figures of this type as coming from Ivory Coast, particularly from the Bondoukou area.
Ethnicity / culture
Koulango (Kulango)
The sculpture presents several characteristics of the so‑called “classic Koulango” corpus: dark wood, slightly puffy volumes, flattened and strongly structured face, elongated eyes, stylized limbs and a highly graphic treatment of the body. Smithsonian precisely uses these stylistic criteria to characterize a set of figures traditionally grouped under the label Koulango.
Type of object
Standing female figure in wood
The figure is represented frontally, in a perfectly vertical posture. The hands hang down in front of the lower body, while the legs are separated and rest on a rectangular base integrated into the sculpture.
Artistical and stylistic description
The head, oval in shape, is relatively large in relation to the body. The face features a high forehead, almond-shaped eyes that are very stretched, a straight and narrow nose, a small mouth, and ears treated in a simplified manner.
The neck is particularly remarkable: it consists of several horizontally engraved rings, forming a very graphic transition between the head and the torso.
The coiffure forms a high rounded crest, entirely covered with fine parallel striations. A central band adorned with a geometric diamond motif interrupts the regularity of the hairstyle.
The chest is long and narrow. The breasts are strongly modeled, while the arms follow the sides closely and end in stylized hands placed in front of the lower abdomen.
The treatment of the legs is also very characteristic: they are long, relatively massive in their upper part and separated down to the feet. The toes are indicated by fine incisions.
The whole is covered with a very dark patina, brown-black and shiny, with occasional warm brown nuances that accentuate the relief of the sculpture.
Materials and technique
Carved wood, pigment/patina and glass beads
The sculpture is carved in dense wood, with a very smooth finish and a heavily patinated surface. Rows of small white beads surround the waist and descend onto the front of the legs.
The presence of beads on Koulango female figures is documented in Smithsonian and Met collections.
Symbolism
The representation emphasizes several elements traditionally associated with the depiction of the female body in sculpture from this region: elaborate hairstyle, chest, waist, hips, and body adornment.
The strong stylization of the body and the emphasis given to the hairstyle and ornaments contribute to a codified conception of body beauty.
Function / ritual use
Koulango anthropomorphic figures from the Bondoukou region are often associated in Western collections with religious practices and cult spaces.
However, the Smithsonian notes that the precise function of many figures in this corpus remains difficult to establish due to a lack of historical documentation on their context of use. It is therefore preferable to identify here as a Koulango female figure without attributing a specific undocumented ritual function.
Cultural context
The Bondoukou region is an important cultural crossroads where Koulango, Abron, Baoulé, Senufo and Lobi traditions meet. Museums emphasize that this proximity explains some stylistic similarities between sculptures of different groups.
Nevertheless, the corpus identified as “classic Koulango” has a plastic vocabulary sufficiently characteristic to constitute a recognized category in museum collections.
Comparisons with museum pieces and documented collections
The Metropolitan Museum of Art houses a Koulango female figure in wood, beads and pigment, 42.2 cm tall, whose overall treatment provides a direct comparison with this sculpture.
The Smithsonian National Museum of African Art also houses a 36.3 cm Koulango female figure with an elaborately worked coiffure, a flattened face, elongated eyes and glass beads around the waist.
Another figure at the Smithsonian, from the Bondoukou region, features a particularly elongated tubular neck and a striped coiffure with a central crest, two elements very close to the formal vocabulary observed here.
Finally, a Koulango figure sold at Lyon Enchères was adjudicated at €3,400, for a height of 37 cm, confirming the presence of this type of sculpture on the specialized market.
Bibliography / sources
• Metropolitan Museum of Art, Female Figure, Kulango artist, inv. 1982.494.
• Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, Female Figure, Kulango artist, inv. nmafa_2016-14-2.
• Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, Female Figure, Bondoukou region, inv. nmafa_85-8-5.
• Smithsonian Institution, Female Figure, Abron/Bono/Kulango, inv. nmafa_69-6-7.
• Lyon Enchères, Ancient Koulango statuette, lot 290.
Provenance: old colonial collection
Galerie Renaud Vanuxem Paris
personal collection
Delivered with the authenticity certificate from Galerie Vanuxem Paris
Objects are shipped with insurance and tracking number.
Fast and protected shipping. Packages are sent from Monday to Saturday.
Delivery 1 to 3 days in France, 2 to 5 days across Europe. Worldwide delivery with Colissimo International.
Seller's Story
Ivory Coast
Baoulé / Koulango / Abron / Attié?
Wood and beads
Height: 295 mm + base 10 mm
Width: 70 mm
Depth: 60 mm
Weight: 300 g
Female figure Koulango — Ivory Coast
Analysis of the different views shows a standing feminine sculpture characterized by a very slender silhouette, a heavily annulated neck, an oval head, a crest-like coiffure with fine striations, and a highly geometric construction of the body.
The Koulango attribution is consistent with several works preserved at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art. The Met notably preserves a Koulango female figure in wood, beads and pigment, while the Smithsonian documents several female figures attributed to the Koulango that share the same formal vocabulary.
Geographical origin
Ivory Coast — Bondoukou region
The Bondoukou region constitutes one of the main stylistic centers associated with Koulango sculpture. Smithsonian collections identify several figures of this type as coming from Ivory Coast, particularly from the Bondoukou area.
Ethnicity / culture
Koulango (Kulango)
The sculpture presents several characteristics of the so‑called “classic Koulango” corpus: dark wood, slightly puffy volumes, flattened and strongly structured face, elongated eyes, stylized limbs and a highly graphic treatment of the body. Smithsonian precisely uses these stylistic criteria to characterize a set of figures traditionally grouped under the label Koulango.
Type of object
Standing female figure in wood
The figure is represented frontally, in a perfectly vertical posture. The hands hang down in front of the lower body, while the legs are separated and rest on a rectangular base integrated into the sculpture.
Artistical and stylistic description
The head, oval in shape, is relatively large in relation to the body. The face features a high forehead, almond-shaped eyes that are very stretched, a straight and narrow nose, a small mouth, and ears treated in a simplified manner.
The neck is particularly remarkable: it consists of several horizontally engraved rings, forming a very graphic transition between the head and the torso.
The coiffure forms a high rounded crest, entirely covered with fine parallel striations. A central band adorned with a geometric diamond motif interrupts the regularity of the hairstyle.
The chest is long and narrow. The breasts are strongly modeled, while the arms follow the sides closely and end in stylized hands placed in front of the lower abdomen.
The treatment of the legs is also very characteristic: they are long, relatively massive in their upper part and separated down to the feet. The toes are indicated by fine incisions.
The whole is covered with a very dark patina, brown-black and shiny, with occasional warm brown nuances that accentuate the relief of the sculpture.
Materials and technique
Carved wood, pigment/patina and glass beads
The sculpture is carved in dense wood, with a very smooth finish and a heavily patinated surface. Rows of small white beads surround the waist and descend onto the front of the legs.
The presence of beads on Koulango female figures is documented in Smithsonian and Met collections.
Symbolism
The representation emphasizes several elements traditionally associated with the depiction of the female body in sculpture from this region: elaborate hairstyle, chest, waist, hips, and body adornment.
The strong stylization of the body and the emphasis given to the hairstyle and ornaments contribute to a codified conception of body beauty.
Function / ritual use
Koulango anthropomorphic figures from the Bondoukou region are often associated in Western collections with religious practices and cult spaces.
However, the Smithsonian notes that the precise function of many figures in this corpus remains difficult to establish due to a lack of historical documentation on their context of use. It is therefore preferable to identify here as a Koulango female figure without attributing a specific undocumented ritual function.
Cultural context
The Bondoukou region is an important cultural crossroads where Koulango, Abron, Baoulé, Senufo and Lobi traditions meet. Museums emphasize that this proximity explains some stylistic similarities between sculptures of different groups.
Nevertheless, the corpus identified as “classic Koulango” has a plastic vocabulary sufficiently characteristic to constitute a recognized category in museum collections.
Comparisons with museum pieces and documented collections
The Metropolitan Museum of Art houses a Koulango female figure in wood, beads and pigment, 42.2 cm tall, whose overall treatment provides a direct comparison with this sculpture.
The Smithsonian National Museum of African Art also houses a 36.3 cm Koulango female figure with an elaborately worked coiffure, a flattened face, elongated eyes and glass beads around the waist.
Another figure at the Smithsonian, from the Bondoukou region, features a particularly elongated tubular neck and a striped coiffure with a central crest, two elements very close to the formal vocabulary observed here.
Finally, a Koulango figure sold at Lyon Enchères was adjudicated at €3,400, for a height of 37 cm, confirming the presence of this type of sculpture on the specialized market.
Bibliography / sources
• Metropolitan Museum of Art, Female Figure, Kulango artist, inv. 1982.494.
• Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, Female Figure, Kulango artist, inv. nmafa_2016-14-2.
• Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, Female Figure, Bondoukou region, inv. nmafa_85-8-5.
• Smithsonian Institution, Female Figure, Abron/Bono/Kulango, inv. nmafa_69-6-7.
• Lyon Enchères, Ancient Koulango statuette, lot 290.
Provenance: old colonial collection
Galerie Renaud Vanuxem Paris
personal collection
Delivered with the authenticity certificate from Galerie Vanuxem Paris
Objects are shipped with insurance and tracking number.
Fast and protected shipping. Packages are sent from Monday to Saturday.
Delivery 1 to 3 days in France, 2 to 5 days across Europe. Worldwide delivery with Colissimo International.
