Two quarto volumes: xi, 552 pages and atlas (60 plates). A few minor and scattered marks of foxing but a very good copy of a surprisingly scarce first edition. The binding is the publisher's half shagreen, with top edges gilt. First and only edition of the atlas awarded a Monthyon prize by the Institut de France. The French physiologist Lancereaux received his medical degree in 1862 and subsequently was appointed Médecin des hôpitaux in Paris; he later served as president of the Académie Nationale de Médecine. He was the first to recognize that diabetes mellitus was caused by histological changes in the pancreas ; he also described infectious jaundice, published an important work on syphilis, and discovered the transmission of typhoid by water. His Atlas d’anatomie pathologique is extensively illustrated with both macroscopic and microscopic images of pathological conditions, the best of these being those of the bones, joints, muscles and the liver. In later life, he was president of the Académie Nationale de Médecine.In contrast to Bernard, however, he represented the opinion based on his own pathological-clinical investigations that found the cause of diabetes mellitus in the pancreas and accordingly coined the term "pancreatic diabetes" in a publication published in 1877. At Lancereaux's request, Bernard agreed to experimentally test this thesis by removing the pancreas of dogs, but died before the corresponding experiments could be carried out. Peter Lackerbauer appears as the author of the illustrations with full authorization in the title next to the author of the text. Lackerbauer (1823-1872) was a renowned scientific and medical illustrator, he worked for Lebert and Lancereaux. See Goldschmid, Entwicklung und Bibliographie der pathologische-anatomischen Abbildung, pp. 206-7.