Teaching materials (5) - Mehano - Lacquered brass - 2000-2010 - Electronics teaching materials

These are vintage educational physics/nature-of-electricity sets (electrical boxes) designed to demonstrate the workings of magnetism, electric motors, and electrical circuits. The specific components on the blue plastic baseplates come from a classic teaching set such as the Yugoslav Iskra Mehanotehnika "Elektropionir"-set. From left to right you see the following configurations: 1. Electric bell / doorbell (Red base) Operation: This is a classic electric bell system. The copper wire coil (electromagnet) attracts a metal arm (the armature) as current flows. When the arm moves toward the coil, the hammer strikes the metal bell and the electrical contact is simultaneously broken. The arm springs back, reconnects the circuit, and the cycle repeats (an intermittent system). 2. Direct-current motor with a permanent magnet (Middle blue base) Operation: This model shows a functioning electric motor. In the middle is a rotating armature with copper windings (the rotor). On the right is a metal cylinder mounted serving as a permanent magnet or housing for a coil (stator). As soon as current is applied to the windings and the commutator (the metal contact strips on the shaft), the motor starts to spin. 3. Electromagnetic motor (Right blue base) Operation: A variant of the electric motor, specifically designed to demonstrate how electromagnetic poles attract and repel each other. The bent metal plates on the sides act as magnetic field poles (stator) that move the centrally placed armature when the poles switch magnetic direction at the right moment via the commutator. These three parts of the toy sets were used in electronics lessons about how motors work and especially about the interaction of north and south poles with respect to magnetic fields. Built are 2 motors and 1 bell. The motor with the elco capacitor should be checked because it occasionally hesitates. And the other one works properly. These kits were already used in physics lessons about magnetic fields in the 1980s. In the later-acquired book there is much more in and in five languages.