Fossil Right Mandible of Extinct Malagasy Hippopotamus – Madagascar This remarkable fossil represents the right side of the lower jaw from one of Madagascar’s extinct hippopotamus species, most likely Hippopotamus lemerlei or a closely related form. These unique island-adapted hippos survived until relatively recent times and are a classic example of insular dwarfism within Quaternary megafauna. The specimen is well preserved and displays natural surface texture and coloration. It retains two original molars, clearly visible with well-defined enamel patterns and chewing surfaces, providing valuable insight into the animal’s feeding adaptations. The remaining bone structure shows the characteristic robustness of hippopotamus jaws, shaped for powerful mastication. Weighing 590 grams (bone only, without base), this mandible is both substantial and visually striking. Its form highlights the distinctive anatomy that separates Madagascar’s extinct hippos from their modern African relatives. A rare and authentic piece of Madagascar’s lost fauna, ideal for collectors, educational displays, or anyone fascinated by prehistoric island ecosystems and extinct mammals.