West Africa (Nigeria, Benue region) – Heavy Bronze Spiral Arm Ring Money – 19th Century ________________________________________ Description Large and heavy example of West African spiral arm ring money, originating from the Benue region of Nigeria and dating to the 19th century. The object is formed from a single thick bronze rod, wound into a compact open spiral. Its substantial weight and rigid construction clearly indicate a monetary and ceremonial function, rather than use as personal jewelry. Such spiral arm rings were used as stores of value, commonly employed in bridewealth transactions, compensatory payments, and ritual exchanges. The surface shows a deep brown patina with areas of green oxidation, consistent with age and long-term traditional use. The open end allowed limited adjustment of diameter, but the form and mass make it unsuitable for everyday wear. Comparable examples are documented in Opitz, Odd & Curious Money and in ethnographic literature on West African pre-monetary systems. ________________________________________ Details • Region: West Africa (Nigeria, Benue region) • Material: Bronze (copper alloy) • Type: Spiral arm ring money / pre-monetary currency • Period: 19th century • Weight: approx. 924 g • Diameter: approx. 82 mm • Condition: Authentic wear and patina consistent with age