A Byzantine grey ceramic vessel featuring a hollow globular body with a slightly pointed base. To the top, the vessel rises into a short narrow neck and splays out slightly into a thick rim with small mouth. The shoulder of the vessel is decorated with a carved groove, separating the neck and body into two levels. Signs of wear such as chips, indentations and surface pitting to the body and mouth. Some earthy encrustations and discolouration to the surface. This item would have been filled with an explosive liquid known as ‘Greek Fire’ and used as a hand grenade. Greek fire, also referred to as liquid fire, was the most famous weapon in the Byzantine arsenal, saving the Byzantines for centuries from foreign attacks. Being used in both defence and attack situations, the weapon proved significant in the survival of the Byzantine Empire. The formula for the flammable mixture was closely guarded for centuries and irredeemably lost after the collapse of the Empire. Its precise composition thus remains unknown to this day. Their average size and grip suggest the vessel being thrown by hand, in short-range conflicts, but this does not exclude the use of grenades in long-distance battles and at sea; as they were most likely hurled by catapults. Measurements: L 10cm x W 7.5cm Provenance: Ex private UK collection, acquired 1990s.