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The immersive science of Audio Equipment, brought to you by {name}

Ariel Cabello

The Citation Twenty-Three is part of the Citation line of premium-grade components, Harman Kardon has developed an innovative am/fm tuner, the fm section of the tuner features an unusual circuit design, called Active Tracking, to provide exceptional selectivity when needed without sacrifice of any audible performance qualities during normal operation.

In a conventional fm tuner, selectivity—the ability to discriminate against interference from signals removed in frequency by one or two channels from the desired station— is provided by band-pass filters in the intermediate-frequency (IF) amplifier. Today’s tuners use ceramic filters that require no adjustment. The bandwidth of an fm tuner’s if section must be at least 150 kHz to pass a fully modulated signal without distortion, and it is usually somewhat greater than that. Most tuners are able to reject signals 400 kHz from the desired one (alternate channels) without difficulty, but adjacent channels (200 kHz away) can present a severe problem. Typical adjacent-channel selectivity measurements are in the 3- to 5-dB range, which in practical terms means that the tuner simply cannot reject such interference effectively.

Basically, a PLL system “locks” the frequency of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to a signal from another source. In the Harman Kardon Active Tracking system, a local oscillator is locked to the instantaneous IF frequency (at the output of the mixer stage) and accurately follows its variations. The tracking limits of the system are set just beyond the maximum allowable frequency deviation of an fm broadcast signal ( ± 75 kHz). The VCO’s output effectively replaces the original signal; the difference is that it does not include interfering signals from an adjacent channel.

The tuner’s resulting effective IF-stage frequency response has “skirts” much steeper than those of tuners using conventional filters. Because the Active Tracking circuit excludes the low-level modulation sidebands that lie outside its ±75-kHz limits, but are vital to the accurate reproduction of the original program, certain tuner characteristics—such as capture ratio, channel separation, and distortion—are somewhat degraded, though not to an audible degree.

Like most contemporary tuners, the Citation Twenty-Three uses dig-ital-synthesis tuning, but, unlike most, the desired frequency is set by a rotary knob. The knob, whose motion is smoothed by a flywheel, drives an optical shaft encoder that sends digital codes to the synthesizer circuits. To a user, the effect is much like that of an analog tuner except that the frequency changes in discrete steps of 100 kHz (10 kHz for AM). A fine-tuning feature, however, is enabled whenever the Active Tracking system is selected, and it can be used to adjust the frequency over a ± 25-kHz range, which can help eliminate interference from a strong adjacent-channel signal by slightly detuning toward the desired signal.

Each of the eight preset buttons can be switched between two frequencies by another button. The sixteen available preset channels can be divided between the fm and am bands as desired. The interstation muting is turned on or off by a mute button, and a small knob on the rear apron adjusts the muting-threshold level. A group of four buttons selects the AM or FM band, mono mode, and seek tuning, in which the tuner scans the band and stops at the first signal whose strength exceeds its muting threshold. Unconventionally, a slight turn of the tuning knob is used to begin a scan from the current frequency.

The rear apron of the Citation Twenty-Three has binding-post terminals for am and 300-ohm FM antennas and a coaxial F connector for a 75-ohm FM antenna. A hinged, removable wire-loop AM antenna is furnished. There are gold-plated fixed- and variable-level audio output jacks; the adjustment for the variable outputs is also on the rear. 

The Citation Twenty-Three tuner is supplied with a wireless remote control that duplicates all its front-panel controls except the HI-Q and fine-tuning systems. Using the remote, the tuner frequency can be varied by a pair of pushbuttons. The tuner is finished in black and measures 17-3/8 inches wide, 14-5/8 inches deep, and 2-3/4 inches high. It weighs 15 pounds. 

Technical data:
Harman Kardon Citation 23
Active Tracking Tuner (1987)
Type: Mono/Stereo Tuner
Tuning Bands: FM, AM
Presets: 16
Tuning Scale: Digital
FM Tuning Range: 87.5 to 108 MHz
MW Tuning Range: 520 to 1710k kHz
Sensitivity: 320uV (FM)
Signal to Noise Ratio: 75dB (FM), 55dB (MW)
Distortion: 0.08% (FM)
Selectivity: 76dB (FM), 61dB (MW)
Output: 950mV (FM)
Dimensions: 443 x 70 x 391mm
Weight: 6.8kg

Mint - Number of items: 1 - Including: Tuner - Brochures, Remote control

Harman Kardon - Citation Twenty-three Tuner

Audio Equipment

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Achille Castiglioni

Raymond Loewy

Very good - Number of items: 1 - Including: Power supply

Ei NIŠ - RR 240 Radio

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Bang & Olufsen - Beo4 Remote control

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Bang & Olufsen - iPhone 16 Pro Max Aluminum Case Gold Tone Speaker

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Comptoir MB Radiophonique - Super Rimlock Tube radio

SONNECLAIR - EVOLUTION 1951 - DESIGN COLLECTOR’S ITEM Tube radio

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Good - Number of items: 31 - Including: No extra's

Sony - Vintage SONY & Maxell Cassette Tape Lot (31 pcs) – HF/UR Series – 1980s–1990s NOS & Unused Mix CD player

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Harman Kardon - Citation Twenty-three Tuner

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