Unknown - Qur'an - Bihar India - 1425

A miniature bi-folio from a Quran originating in the state of Bihar, India, circa 1425. The folio contains scripture from final verse of chapter (Surah) 19, Mariam (Mary), and the first verses of chapter 20, Ta-Ha (Ta-Ha). It is written in a distinctive style of script called Bihari (after the State), characterised by wide, heavy and extended horizontal lines, and thin verticals. In this case there are 16 lines of fine script with gold 'aya' marking the verses and red diacriticals providing devotional direction. It also contains a several 'Allah' in gold thuluth font. The Sarah heading is written in white thuluth on the inlaid gold cartouche. The folio has a single marginal illuminating the text, which mark the new chapter. There is some minor water damage to the very top of the manuscript.

The final six verses of Surah Maryam (Chapter 19) in the Quran, verses 93-98, serve as a conclusive argument for God's absolute sovereignty and oneness, refuting the idea that He has a son, and provide a warning to disbelievers while offering good news to the righteous. These verses emphasize God's absolute knowledge and control, and individual accountability on the Day of Judgment. They state that God will grant His love to those who believe and do good deeds. The Quran is described as being made easy to understand to convey good news to the righteous and warn those who are argumentative.

The first three verses of chapter 20, convey that the Quran was revealed not to distress the Prophet Muhammad, but as a reminder to those who fear God.

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