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De mooiste objecten gepresenteerd door {name}

Ruth Garrido Vila

Ring with the God Eros engraved in a notch. 

Ancient Greek, Hellenism, 2nd century BC.

Gold and Garnet.

Height 2.3 cm, inner diameter 1.9 cm and 5.12 gr. weight.

CONDITION: Good condition. Intact.

PROVENANCE: 

- Fortuna Fine Arts, New York, before 1990.

- Private collection, Chicago, USA, until 2024

DESCRIPTION:

Gold ring with a solid half-round ring, which widens to form a slightly oval bezel, with a hollow structure worked by forging, which houses a large garnet notch in a closed setting. This way of working the ring to embrace the stone is the most common in Greek jewelry (fig. 1). The notch shows the excavated figure of the god Eros, oriented parallel to the ring. Represented as a winged child, naked and wearing a conical hat, the god appears standing in profile to the left of the image, his feet barely resting on the ground and his wings outstretched. The left arm is raised, bent at the elbow, in front of the face, while the right arm appears stretched forward holding an object, perhaps a branch or palm.

The anatomy of the god, somewhat athletic but with the proportions of a child - relatively large head, short and thick limbs - is common in Hellenistic carvings, as can be seen in a garnet preserved in New York that shows Eros with the weapons of Hercules (fig. 2). It is also common to see compositions with the god standing and holding some symbolic object, as occurs in the carving of a ring from London, in this case carved in a cabochon and not flat as in the piece under study (fig. 3).

Eros is the primordial god of love and desire, son of Aphrodite and Ares or of Nycte and Erebus, according to different myths. He is, however, a complex, multifaceted deity, related to various different concepts, including the funerary. He frequently appears in Hellenistic Greek jewelry in relation to eroticism and female sexuality, especially in earrings and rings. In the former, to whisper words of seduction in the ears of its wearer; In the latter, as a sign of love or marriage commitment, especially when Eros appears holding a garland or a crown of myrtle.

In classical Greece, three ring models coexisted: the one with a movable bezel, inherited from Egypt, the one with an oval bezel, from Crete and Mycenae, and the one with a stone set in the bezel, the rarest of the three. With the arrival of Hellenism, the ring with a movable bezel disappeared, but the other two were maintained and new features were added, such as the Herculean knot and the snake ring. The first rings with a set stone had a flat bezel shaped like a shuttle, oval and pointed at the ends, which became rounded over time. These older examples used opaque stones such as carnelian, but crystalline stones such as garnet and emerald soon began to appear, cut flat or in cabochon. During the Hellenistic period, rings with set stones were less rare, and were increasingly decorated with notches, a trend that was particularly developed in the Roman world.

In Ancient Greece, jewellery was characterised by being an object designed from anthropocentrism and the search for beauty through perfection, which is why they were small, ergonomic, flexible pieces, whose main objective was to beautify the human body. The technical complexity of this jewellery was very high. The pieces, very plastic and ornate, were made from sheets and threads, separate pieces that were then joined together by mechanical means or welding. They were not made by casting, as it might seem. The filigree technique (decoration using welded threads) was highly developed. They made twists, twists and braids of threads that added decoration to the piece. They even used filigree as a separator for enamelling. They also used metal threads to form flexible chains and meshes by braiding them, as in the piece in question.

In Hellenistic times, jewellery was often passed down from generation to generation as family heirlooms. The result of this is the excellent conservation of this jewel that has survived to this day, preserving all its beauty and splendour. The Hellenistic period is the most brilliant period of Greek jewellery. It is a Baroque period, in the sense of the great taste for decoration but also in the technical aspect, given that they were objects of very refined and meticulous work. In this Hellenistic period, fire gilding was invented, lost wax casting with a core was perfected, the first crystalline stones were used and the technique of cameo carving and carving was fully developed.


PUBLISHED:

- OGDEN, J. A Golden Past: Jewelry from the Ancient World. Fortuna Fine Art, Ltd. 1990. P. 10. N. 27.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
	
• HOFFMANN, H.; DAVIDSON, P. F. Greek Gold: Jewelry from the Age of Alexander. Boston Museum of Fine Arts. 1965. • JACKSON, M.M. Hellenistic Gold Eros Jewellery. Technique, Style, and Chronology. Archeopress. 2006. • MARSHALL, F. H. Jewellery. Catalog of the Jewellery, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman, in the Departments of Antiquities, British Museum. British Museum Publications. 1911. • PINCKERNELLE, K. The Iconography of Ancient Greek and Roman Jewellery. doctoral thesis. University of Glasgow. 2005. • WILLIAMS, D.; OGDEN, J. Jewelry of the Classical World. Metropolitan Museum of New York. 1994.

PARALLELS:

Fig. 1 Ring with intaglio of Eros. Hellenistic Greek or Imperial Roman, 1st century BC–1st century AD. Gold and amethyst, 2 x 6 mm. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, inv. 81.135.

Fig. 2 Ring inlay with Eros. Magna Graecia, 1st century BC. Garnet, 1.3 x 1.6 cm. Metropolitan Museum, New York, inv. 81.6.31.

Fig. 3 Ring with Eros holding a palm. Greece, late 4th–1st century BC. Gilt silver and garnet, 2.4 cm diameter. British Museum, London, inv. 1917,0501.1291.






Notes: 

The seller guarantees that he acquired this piece according to all national and international laws related to the ownership of cultural property. Provenance statement seen by Catawiki.
The piece includes authenticity certificate. 
The piece includes Spanish Export License (Passport for European Union) - If the piece is destined outside the European Union a substitution of the export permit should be requested. This process could take between 1 and 2 months.  




Hellenism, 2nd century BC

Oud-Grieks Goud, Granaat Ring met de God Eros gegraveerd in een inkeping. 2e eeuw v.Chr. Hoogte 2,3 cm.

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Dit object is niet meer beschikbaar, maar er valt nog veel meer te ontdekken

Oud-Grieks Goud, Granaat Ring met de God Eros gegraveerd in een inkeping. 2e eeuw v.Chr. Hoogte 2,3 cm.

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